Here is a condensed timeline of the Moors in Spain (and how the story “ended”) 711: The Umayyad Caliphate, led by General Tariq ibn Ziyad, crosses the Strait of Gibraltar and begins the Islamic conquest of the Iberian Peninsula. 711-1492: The Moors establish Al-Andalus, a Muslim state in the Iberian Peninsula, with its capital in Cordoba. They introduce a period of cultural and intellectual flourishing, characterized by advancements in science, medicine, mathematics, and architecture. 756-929: T