Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a clear, colorless liquid that surrounds the brain and spinal cord, providing cushioning and protection. CSF rhinorrhea is a medical condition where this fluid leaks from the skull through the nose. This can occur due to a fracture or injury to the skull, or as a result of a surgical procedure. Symptoms of CSF rhinorrhea include a persistent runny nose, clear drainage from the nose, headaches, and a salty or metallic taste in the mouth. If left untreated, CSF rhinorr

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A CSF leak occurs when the fluid that surrounds the brain and spinal cord escapes through a tear or hole in the dura mater, the protective membrane. This can result from trauma, surgery, or less commonly, a structural defect. Symptoms often include a headache that worsens when upright and improves when lying down, along with possible nasal drainage of clear fluid if the leak is through the nose. Treatment depends on the cause and may involve bed rest, hydration, and caffeine, or surgical repair