Intraosseous infusion (IO) is the process of injecting medication, fluids, or blood products directly into the bone marrow; [1] this provides a non-collapsible entry point into the systemic venous system. [2] The intraosseous infusion technique is used to provide fluids and medication when intravenous access is not

Jun 5, 2023 · Intraosseous (IO) vascular access refers to the placement of a specialized hollow bore needle through the cortex of a bone into the medullary space for infusion of medical therapy and laboratory tests.

Mar 4, 2025 · The intraosseous (IO) device is a life-saving tool used to provide rapid vascular access in emergency situations. It is a safe and effective technique for infusing medications, fluids, and blood products in critically-ill individuals who do not have a peripheral IV line.

This topic will discuss intraosseous (IO) infusion in children and adults, including indications, contraindications, and techniques according to device. Other forms of venous access are discussed separately:

When IV access cannot be achieved, IO access is safe, reliable, and quick. It can be accomplished in 30 to 60 seconds and even faster with an IO gun. This is especially helpful in pediatric emergencies when time is critical.

Jan 5, 2023 · Survival outcomes are, at best, comparable in OHCA patients who receive IO vs IV access. Intraosseous vascular (IO) access is an established rapid, safe, and effective alternative for peripheral intravenous drug delivery. The AHA recommends IV as preferred site of access; however, if unable to obtain IV access, then IO access is acceptable.

Jul 1, 2021 · IO placement is a safe and rapid method for obtaining parenteral access in patients with difficult venous access. The IO route is the fastest way to infuse fluids, medications, and blood products in emergency situations including cardiac resuscitation.

Intraosseous (IO) access can be obtained using manual or drill-inserted devices for insertion of specialised needles; IO access uses the medullary space as a non collapsible entry point into the systemic venous system; IO access is useful when vascular access is difficult or likely to lead to delayed management in emergency situations; DESCRIPTION

IO infusion is a rapid and safe method for obtaining parenteral access in patients with difficult venous access. Pioneered in 1922 by Drinker and colleagues [4], this access was not used to benefit peripheral IV until the 1980s.

Feb 25, 2019 · IO lines are a mainstay of resuscitation and used when peripheral IV access is either not possible or time-intensive. Compared to central access in resuscitations, IO access is cheaper, quicker, safer, and easier to obtain.