Cluster of Differentiation 86 (also known as CD86 and B7-2) is a protein constitutively expressed on dendritic cells, Langerhans cells, macrophages, B-cells (including memory B-cells), and on other antigen-presenting cells. [5]

Cluster of differentiation 86 (CD86), also known as B7-2, is a molecule expressed on antigen-presenting cells that provides the costimulatory signals required for T cell activation and survival. CD86 binds to two ligands on the surface of T cells: ...

2024年12月24日 · CD86 (CD86 Molecule) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with CD86 include Plague and Cowpox . Among its related pathways are CD28 co-stimulation and Constitutive Signaling by Aberrant PI3K in Cancer .

Current perceptions are based around the concept that CD86 is the initial co-stimulatory ligand based on its more abundant and earlier expression pattern; CD80 has a role following antigen-presenting-cell activation.

CD86 is expressed on antigen-presenting cells and serves as a ligand for two proteins on T cells, CD28 and CTLA-4 (cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4). The binding of CD86 to CD28 provides a co-stimulatory signal for T cell activation, while the binding of CD86 to CTLA-4 negatively regulates T cell activation and reduces immune response.

CD86 refers to a 70-kDa glycoprotein consisting of 329 amino acids, a transmembrane region, and a longer cytoplasmic domain. It is expressed on various immune cells such as interdigitating DCs, Langerhans cells, B cells, and macrophages.

CD80 and CD86 expressed by antigen-presenting cells (APCs) have different structural organisations. CD80 is a bivalent dimer (two binding sites) and CD86 is a monomer (single binding site). CD152 is also a bivalent dimer (two binding sites) whereas CD28 is a monovalent (single binding site) dimer.