Intraosseous (IO) access can be obtained using manual or drill-inserted devices for insertion of specialised needles; IO access uses the medullary space as a non collapsible entry point into the systemic venous system; IO access is useful when vascular access is difficult or likely to lead to delayed management in emergency situations; DESCRIPTION

For children, the preferred sites of IO are the distal tibia, proximal tibia, and distal femur. The distal end of the tibia is the preferred site because it is easy to access and the most reliable. Depending on the procedure, a variety of needles are used for IO.

Jun 5, 2023 · Intraosseous (IO) access is a fast and reliable route to give medications and infusions of any type. This activity reviews IO access, explains how to place an intraosseous device, and reviews how it can be used effectively by …

Aug 20, 2023 · Intraosseous access (IO access) involves inserting a catheter into the medullary space of a long bone, providing access to the systemic vasculature. Like intravenous access, IO medications can bypass first-pass metabolism and have maximum bioavailability.

Jan 5, 2023 · Intraosseous vascular (IO) access is an established rapid, safe, and effective alternative for peripheral intravenous drug delivery. The AHA recommends IV as preferred site of access; however, if unable to obtain IV access, then IO access is acceptable.

Mar 4, 2025 · The intraosseous (IO) device is a life-saving tool used to provide rapid vascular access in emergency situations. It is a safe and effective technique for infusing medications, fluids, and blood products in critically-ill individuals who do not have a peripheral IV line.

Tibial Interosseous IV’s Contrast injection through a tibial IO-IV. Immediate diffusion within the marrow cavity. Rapid drainage into the popliteal vein (arrow).

Intraosseous cannulation is the placing of a sturdy needle through cortical bone and into the medullary cavity—to emergently infuse fluids and blood products into critically ill patients.

System used to gain intraosseous access in adult and paediatric patients in a clinical emergency or when vascular access is difficult but needed urgently. IO access can be used to deliver ALL drugs including anaesthetic drugs, fluids and blood …

Jan 26, 2021 · The most commonly used (and recommended) site for intraosseous (IO) access in pediatric patients is the proximal tibia. The primary objective of this study was to determine the accuracy of ...