Soap and detergent | Chemistry, Uses, Properties, & Facts
Soap and detergent, substances that, when dissolved in water, possess the ability to remove dirt from surfaces such as human skin, textiles, and other solids. The seemingly simple process of …
How Does Soap Work? | Britannica - Encyclopedia Britannica
Soap molecules have on one end what’s known as a polar salt, which is hydrophilic, or attracted to water. The other end of the molecule is a nonpolar chain of fatty acids or hydrocarbons, …
Soap and detergent - Fatty Acids, Sodium Hydroxide, Glycerin
The alkyl molecular group has in the past usually been C 1 2 H 2 4 (tetrapropylene) obtained from the petrochemical gas propylene. This molecular group is attached to benzene by a reaction …
Soap and detergent - Synthetic, Surfactants, Cleaning | Britannica
The major raw materials for soap manufacture are fat and alkali. Other substances, such as optical brighteners, water softeners, and abrasives, are often added to obtain specific …
Lipid | Definition, Structure, Examples, Functions, Types, & Facts ...
2025年1月4日 · Many of these molecular building blocks are similar, or homologous, in structure. The homologies allow lipids to be classified into a few major groups: fatty acids, fatty acid …
Liquid crystal - Polymers, Phases, Mesophases | Britannica
2025年1月20日 · Soap can form a type of smectic known as a lamellar phase, also called neat soap. In this case it is important to recognize that soap molecules have a dual chemical …
soap and detergent - Students | Britannica Kids | Homework Help
The chemical reaction that produces soap is called saponification. It occurs when a hot caustic alkali solution, such as caustic soda (sodium hydroxide), acts on natural fats or oils to produce …
Carboxylic acid | Structure, Properties, Formula, Uses, & Facts ...
2024年12月3日 · The chief chemical characteristic of the carboxylic acids is their acidity. They are generally more acidic than other organic compounds containing hydroxyl groups but are …
micelle - Students | Britannica Kids | Homework Help
When a soap is dissolved in water, fatty acids in the soap form spherical structures called micelles, in which the hydrophilic “heads” of the fatty acid molecules are turned toward the …
Soap and detergent - Synthetic, Cleaning, Surfactants | Britannica
Soap and detergent - Synthetic, Cleaning, Surfactants: The largest quantities of synthetic detergents are consumed in the household in the form of spray-dried powders. They are …