2024年12月25日 · This gene encodes an endonuclease that specifically degrades the RNA of RNA-DNA hybrids and plays a key role in DNA replication and repair. Alternate in-frame start codon initiation results in the production of alternate isoforms that are directed to the mitochondria or to the nucleus.

RNase H1 degrades the RNA portion of the R-loops returning the two DNA strands to double-stranded form (dsDNA). Overexpression of RNase H1 in different systems has helped to address the questions of where R-loops are located, their abundance, and mechanisms of formation, stability, and degradation.

2025年2月9日 · RNaseH1 regulates TERRA-telomeric DNA hybrids and telomere maintenance in ALT tumour cells. Arora R, et al. Nat Commun, 2014 Oct 21. PMID 25330849, Free PMC Article. What's a GeneRIF? RNase H1 facilitates recombinase recruitment by degrading DNA-RNA hybrids during meiosis.

2019年11月26日 · Using yeast as a model system, we demonstrate that RNase H1 and H2 are controlled in different manners. RNase H2 has strict cell cycle requirements, in that it has an essential function in G2/M for both R-loop processing and ribonucleotide excision repair.

2025年2月9日 · Data suggest that ribonuclease H1 (RNASEH1) plays important role in replication fork movement by resolving R-loops (RNA-DNA hybrids); RNASEH1 depletion results in accumulation of RNA-DNA hybrids, slowing of replication forks, and increased DNA damage; RNASEH1 appears to contribute to genome stability and preserves telomere integrity.

Here we show that the RNA endonuclease RNaseH1 regulates the levels of RNA–DNA hybrids between telomeric DNA and the long noncoding RNA TERRA, and is a key mediator of telomere maintenance in ALT cells.

In this paper, we show that RNase H1 plays an important role in mtDNA transcription. Mutant RNASEH1 skin fibroblasts showed a significant decrease in some mitochondrial transcripts, e.g., MT-CO2, MT-ND5, and MT-RNR2 (16S rRNA).

Here, we report that mammalian RNase H1 enriches in nucleoli and co-localizes with R-loops in cultured human cells. Co-migration of RNase H1 and R-loops from nucleoli to perinucleolar ring structures was observed upon inhibition of RNAP I transcription.

2024年8月29日 · Herein, using single-molecule approaches, we probe the dynamics of the hybrid cleavage by Saccharomyces cerevisiae RNase H1. Remarkably, a single RNase H1 enzyme …

RNase H1 directs origin-specific initiation of DNA replication in human mitochondria. RNASEH1 gene variants are associated with autoimmune type 1 diabetes in Colombia. Pathological ribonuclease H1 causes R-loop depletion and aberrant DNA segregation in mitochondria.