Deep beneath the ocean’s surface, towers spew scalding water from within the earth’s crust. These are hydrothermal vents. Hydrothermal vents exist in volcanically active areas. Seawater …

With a depth rating of 6,500 meters (4 miles), the human-occupied submersible Alvin provides unparalleled access to 99% of the world's seafloor. It allows researchers to explore, sample …

2020年5月1日 · Beneath the smooth ocean surface extends an underwater landscape as complex as anything you might find on land. While the ocean has an average depth of 2.3 miles, the …

2023年6月5日 · However, most of the ocean is permanently dark, cold, and incredibly difficult to observe. Only slightly more than 23% of the seafloor has been mapped in great detail, and …

2024年12月12日 · A newly-deployed satellite has created the most-detailed map yet of the ocean floor, finding hundreds of hills and underwater volcanoes that were previously missed.

2025年1月3日 · In its first year of operation, NASA’s Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) satellite has mapped Earth’s mysterious ocean floors with more detail than older …

2024年12月2日 · The echo sounder — which features a large sonar array using a small set of autonomous surface vehicles (ASVs) that can be deployed via aircraft into the ocean — holds …

2024年12月18日 · For the past several decades, this radar-altimeter -based approach has allowed scientists to produce seafloor maps at moderate resolution. A collaboration between …

2025年1月15日 · At the surface, those rig divers live in sealed, pressurized chambers that match the conditions beneath the sea, where the pressure can increase by 10 or more times.

The twilight zone, or mesopelagic zone, extends from 200 to 1,000 meters (3,300 feet) below the ocean surface. It begins where light levels are too low for photosynthesis and ends where …