Interleukin 13 (IL-13) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IL13 gene. [4] [5] [6] IL-13 was first cloned in 1993 and is located on chromosome 5q31.1 with a length of 1.4kb. [4] It has a mass of 13 kDa and folds into 4 alpha helical bundles. [7]

Interleukin 13 (IL-13) is a cytokine that is responsible for promoting Th2 responses in humans and is released by T cells, mast cells, and eosinophils. It is typically associated with allergic inflammation, including asthma, but it also plays a role in fibrosis pathogenesis.

IL-13 is a cytokine that is produced by different T-cell subsets and dendritic cells. IL-13 shares many biologic activities with IL-4. This is due to the fact that IL-13– and IL-4–receptor complexes share the IL-4–receptor α-chain, which is important for signal transduction. T cells do not express functional IL-13 receptors.

IL-13 was first recognized for its effects on B cells and monocytes, where it upregulated class II expression, promoted IgE class switching and inhibited inflammatory cytokine production. It was also thought to be functionally redundant with IL-4.

Jan 13, 2023 · We have identified IL-13 and its receptor IL-13Ra1 as neuronal, synaptic proteins in mouse, rat, and human brains, whose engagement upregulates the phosphorylation of NMDAR and AMPAR subunits...

IL-13 down-regulates PGE2 both directly and indirectly through effects on PGES and COX-2. IL-13 also induces 15-LO that is correlated with asthma severity. IL-13 induction of 15-LO stimulates formation of 15-HETE and a metabolite of this enhances MUC5AC expression in …

2. What We Know about IL-13 Comes from Studies of Its Biology in the Immune System. The cytokines Interleukin 13 (IL-13) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) are two secreted proteins recognized for their role in promoting T-helper type 2 (Th2) lymphocyte-mediated allergic inflammation and atopy in the periphery [2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17].

This review provides an update on the role of IL-13 in AD and discusses the different strategies aimed at interfering with its biologic activity as well as their potential in a precision medicine approach in the management of AD.

IL-13 is a critical mediator of allergic inflammation. Although it shares many functional properties with IL-4, it has been shown to have distinct functions. Furthermore, IL-13 is more important than IL-4 in the development of airway hyperreactivity and mucus production.

IL-13 is involved in the processes contributing to the transition from metabolic-dysfunction-associated steatosis to MASH. IL-13 is a Th2-specific cytokine that induces the alternative activation of macrophages, thereby counteracting Th1-driven inflammatory processes.