Glutaminase (EC 3.5.1.2, glutaminase I, L-glutaminase, glutamine aminohydrolase) is an amidohydrolase enzyme that generates glutamate from glutamine. Glutaminase has tissue-specific isoenzymes. Glutaminase has an important role in glial cells. Glutaminase catalyzes the following reaction: Glutamine + H 2 O → glutamate + NH + 4

Glutaminase is the enzyme which hydrolyses glutamine, the main respiratory fuel of the intestine, to yield glutamate and ammonia. Glutaminase has a central role in intestinal metabolism: the products of the reaction catalyzed by glutaminase can be transaminated, catabolized to yield energy or used for the biosynthesis of pyrimidine nucleotides ...

Glutaminase is the enzyme that converts glutamine into glutamate, which serves as a key excitatory neurotransmitter and one of the energy providers for cellular metabolism. Previous studies have revealed that mice lacking glutaminase 1 (GLS1), the ...

2023年10月13日 · Glutaminase catalyzes the first step of glutamine metabolism, converting glutamine to glutamate, which enters the tricarboxylic acid cycle.

Hepatic glutaminase is increased during starvation, diabetes, and feeding a high-protein diet, whereas kidney-type glutaminase is increased only in kidney in response to metabolic acidosis. The adaptations in hepatic glutaminase are mediated by changes in the rate of transcription, whereas kidney-type glutaminase is regulated at a ...

2023年10月19日 · Glutaminase (GLS) is a central enzyme involved in various carbon and nitrogen metabolic pathways. Its primary function is to catalyze the deamination of glutamine, which is the most abundant...

In this chapter, we present a critical account of essential works on brain glutaminase 80 years after its discovery. We will highlight the impact of recent findings and thoughts in the context of the glutamate/glutamine brain homeostasis.

Several glutamate metabolizing enzymes such as glutamate dehydrogenases (GLUD1/GLUD2), glutamate-ammonia ligase (GLUL) and glutaminase (GLS) have been reported to be significantly associated with Alzheimer’s disease (Burbaeva et al. 2005).

The protein glutaminase has been traditionally considered as a mitochondrial enzyme, playing a key role in the energy and nitrogen metabolism of mammalian cells. However, new experimental evidence in the last few years has challenged this simplified view.

Recently, we have found that this is achieved through a marked elevation of glutaminase activity in cancer cells. Here we further consider these findings and the possible mechanisms by which this important metabolic activity is regulated.