Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) is a congenital abnormality of brain development where the neurons in an area of the brain failed to migrate in the proper formation in utero. [1] Focal means that it is limited to a focal zone in any lobe. [2]

The electro-clinical-imaging phenotypes and surgical outcomes were better defined and validated for FCDII. Little new information was acquired on clinical, histopathological, or genetic characteristics of FCD type I (FCDI) and FCD type III (FCDIII).

2024年10月10日 · Focal cortical dysplasias (FCD) represent a heterogeneous group of disorders of cortical formation, which may demonstrate both architectural and proliferative features. They are one of the most common causes of epilepsy and can be associated with hippocampal sclerosis and cortical glioneuronal neoplasms.

Focal Cortical Dysplasia (FCD) is a term used to describe a focal area of abnormal brain cell (“neuron”) organization and development. Brain cells, or “neurons” normally form into organized layers of cells to form the brain “cortex” which is the outermost part of the brain.

Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) are histopathologically categorized in ILAE type I to III. Mild malformations of cortical development (mMCD) including those with oligodendroglial hyperplasia (MOGHE) are to be integrated into this classification yet. Only FCD type II have distinctive MRI and molecular genetics alterations so far.

2010年11月19日 · The term focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) was introduced for localised malformative brain lesions in patients with epilepsy who have drug-resistant seizures. Such lesions are increasingly recognised using high-resolution MRI.

FCD Type IIIc is found adjacent to vascular malformations, whereas FCD Type IIId can be diagnosed in association with epileptogenic lesions acquired in early life (i.e., traumatic injury, ischemic injury or encephalitis).

Focal cortical dysplasia is a main cause of drug-resistant epilepsy, especially in children. Novel, personalized approaches are needed to more effectively treat FCD-related epilepsy and its cognitive consequences.

While previous studies analyzed only small sample cohorts focusing on specific pathologies, e.g., FCD or PMG, the present study is the first comprehensive description of diagnostically valuable DNA methylation signatures across the broad spectrum of MCD and all age groups.

2021年7月1日 · The histopathological hallmark of FCD 1A is an abnormal radial cortical layering with microcolumnar organization of the cortical ribbon, FCD 1B with abnormal tangential layering with horizontal dyslamination and FCD 1C with both abnormal radial and tangential layering.