Fractalkine, also known as chemokine (C-X3-C motif) ligand 1, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CX3CL1 gene.

2024年12月24日 · CX3CL1 (C-X3-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 1) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with CX3CL1 include Pityriasis Rosea and Vasculitis . Among its related pathways are MIF Mediated Glucocorticoid Regulation and GPCR downstream signalling .

cx3cl1是通过与趋化因子受体cx3cr1的相互作用来发挥其粘附和迁移功能。可溶性cx3xl1可强烈趋化t细胞和单核细胞，而细胞结合的趋化因子促进白细胞强有力粘附到活化的内皮细胞上。cx3cl1可能与抗肿瘤活性有关，在消退正常炎症过程如伤口愈合中有重要作用。

CX3CR1 is a 7-transmembrane receptor for CX3CL1 and mediates both its adhesive and migratory functions. In addition, it is shown that CX3CL1 and CX3CR1 are involved in the pathogenesis of various clinical disease states, such as atherosclerosis, glomerulonephritis, cardiac allograft rejection, and rheumatoid arthritis.

Fractalkine ( Fkn ,CX3CL1)于1997 年发现，是目前CX3C -类趋化因子中唯一成员。 鼠CX3C基因定位于8号染色体中心区，而人类Fractalkine定位于人16号染色体q13片段。

The fractalkine/CX3CL1 adhesion mechanism makes the association with proteoglycans and other adhesion molecules unnecessary. Immobilized fractalkine/CX3CL1 exhibits rapid and high affinity binding to CX3CR1-expressing cells in both static and physiological flow conditions .

The reported role of CX3CL1 as a key regulator of cytotoxic T cell-mediated immunity is supported by several studies that demonstrate CX3CL1 as an important TIL-recruiting chemokine and a positive prognostic factor in colorectal, breast, and lung cancer.

CX3CL1 is produced in neurons and is a unique chemokine that is initially translated as a transmembrane protein but can be proteolytically processed to generate a soluble chemokine. CX3CL1 has been shown to signal through its sole receptor CX3CR1, which is located on microglial cells within the central nervous system (CNS).

CX3CL1 promotes cell sensitivity to ferroptosis and is associated with the tumor microenvironment in clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Structure and Function of Ligand CX3CL1 and its Receptor CX3CR1 in Cancer. T helper cells expressing fractalkine receptor and bearing T follicular helper 1-like cell functions in patients with IgG4-related disease.

CX3CL1 secreted in the tumor microenvironment serves as a chemoattractant playing a critical role in metastasis of CX3CR1 expressing cancer cells. CX3CR1 can be expressed in both cancer and immune-inhibitory myeloid cells to facilitate their ...