Biological pigments include plant pigments and flower pigments. Many biological structures, such as skin, eyes, feathers, fur and hair contain pigments such as melanin in specialized cells called chromatophores. In some species, pigments accrue over …

Biological pigments are pigments which are chemical colours. The colours of plants and animals have various functions. Chlorophyll is the green pigment used to collect light energy for photosynthesis in plants. Many colours on plants and animals …

Quinones are ubiquitous biological pigments found in a range of living organisms (bacteria, fungi, higher plants, and in few animals). They exist in nature in many forms such as benzoquinones, naphthoquinones, anthraquinones, and polycyclic quinones. For example, the K vitamins (phylloquinone) are naphthoquinones.

This review highlights different types of biological pigment present in living organisms with a particular focus on melanin. Along with this, it also throws light on the types, biochemical pathways, characterization methods, production yield, biological functions, and applications of …

2024年12月6日 · Microbial pigments have been widely used as colourants in the food industry. Common examples include canthaxanthin, astaxanthin, phycocyanin, riboflavin, β-carotene, and lycopene. These pigments not only add colour to food and beverages but also offer additional benefits such as antioxidant and antibacterial properties.

2000年6月1日 · This review presents the basic information about pigments focusing attention on the natural ones; it emphasizes the principal plant pigments: carotenoids, anthocyanins, and betalains.

2020年7月1日 · This review investigates the production of natural pigments using current technologies and summarizes the challenge towards natural pigment production. It also discusses the biological properties of natural pigments with its application in different fields.

These colouring substances are also called Biological Pigments or the Biochromes, which mainly refers to the true pigments. These biological pigments are insoluble in water and are applied as ground particles in solid form with the liquids. We can find various type of Biological pigments in both plants as well as animals.

In biology, a pigment or biochrome is any material resulting in color of plant or animal cells, which is the result of selective color absorption. Many biological structures, such as skin, eyes, fur and hair contain pigments (such as melanin) in specialized cells called chromatophores.

In this article, we categorize pigments based on their chemical structure into flavonoids, carotenoids, pyrroles, quinones, azaphilones, melanins, betalains, flavins, and others.