To function as a substrate in protein synthesis, tRNA is charged with an amino acid by its cognate aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase. The aminoacyl-tRNA (aa-tRNA) thus formed serves as a substrate and participates in the chemistry of peptide bond formation in the process of protein synthesis.

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRSs) are universally distributed enzymes that catalyze the esterification of a tRNA to its cognate amino acid (i.e., the amino acid corresponding to the anticodon triplet of the tRNA according to the genetic code) (Ibba and Soll 2000; Pang et …

2019年5月9日 · Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARSs) are essential enzymes for protein synthesis with evolutionarily conserved enzymatic mechanisms.

2018年5月1日 · Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (AARSs) are the enzymes that catalyze the aminoacylation reaction by covalently linking an amino acid to its cognate tRNA in the first step of protein translation. Beyond this classical function, these enzymes are also known to have a role in several metabolic and signaling pathways that are important for cell viability.

Protein synthesis in E. coli is a complex system in which 45 elongator aminoacyltRNA (aa-tRNA) substrates (Sprinzl et al., 1998) quickly and accurately decode the 61 different sense codons on the ribosome.

氨酰tRNA（英语：Aminoacyl-tRNA）是一种与之对应的 氨基酸 相结合的 tRNA （也被称作“ 转移核糖核酸 ”）。 它的职责是将氨基酸传递到 核糖体 中，在那里会与正在延伸中的多肽链合并将氨基酸加入其中 [1]。 特定的氨基酸加到与之对应的tRNA上，这点是相当重要的，因为这意味着只有当 反密码子 配对（可以形成临时的 碱基对）正在翻译为 蛋白质 的 信使RNA 的下一个密码子 …

2024年10月7日 · Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases hold the key to the genetic code and assign nucleic acid-based codons to amino acids, the building blocks of proteins.

2010年1月1日 · Aminoacylation, editing, and tRNA-dependent amino acid biosynthesis all serve a common goal, to generate a cellular pool of cognate aa-tRNA. Normally the majority of this aa-tRNA pool is delivered to the ribosome for protein synthesis, although some components of this pool also provide amino acids for other biosynthetic pathways (Fig. 2; see ...

2016年10月31日 · To this end, we probe the role of EF-Tu during aa-tRNA accommodation (the proofreading step) through the use of energy landscape principles, molecular dynamics simulations and kinetic models.

Highlights • Aminoacyl-tRNA (aa-tRNA) is involved in the production of diverse natural products. • Cyclodipeptide synthases interact with two aa-tRNAs at separate binding sites. • Many natural product gene clusters encode FemX/MprF homologs that require aa-tRNA. • Different RiPP classes require aa-tRNA for Ser/Thr dehydration.