2020年8月16日 · The global "OPV Switch" was successfully conducted worldwide in April 2016 – setting the stage for the eventual withdrawal of all OPV. In the new Eradication and Endgame strategy, research is a vital component of the Global Polio Eradication Initiative, providing the necessary evidence to guide the final steps to a lasting polio-free world ...

2024年3月1日 · Reviews have not documented any serious adverse events causally related to IPV. Further, a dose of IPV administered prior to a course of oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) reduces the risk of VAPP compared with an exclusively OPV series. IPV was introduced in the childhood immunization schedule in the USA in 1997, replacing OPV.

vaccine (OPV) have reduced wild poliovirus cases by 99.9% since 1988. The vaccine is very safe and interrupts person-to-person spread of polio. However, on rare occasions, in under-immunised populations, the live weakened virus originally contained in OPV can mutate into circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus (cVDPV). As

2023年10月27日 · Oral polio vaccine (OPV) contains an attenuated (weakened) vaccine-virus, activating an immune response in the body. When a child is immunized with OPV, the weakened vaccine-virus replicates in the intestine for a limited period, thereby developing immunity by building up antibodies. During this time, the vaccine-virus is also excreted.

maintain high levels of coverage with polio vaccine in support of the global commitment to eradicate polio. • WHO no longer recommends an OPV-only vaccination schedule. For all countries currently using OPV only, at least 1 dose of IPV should be added to the schedule. • In polio-endemic countries and in countries at high risk for

Although OPV is a safe vaccine, on rare occasions adverse events may occur. Vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis (VAPP) is the most important of these rare adverse events. Cases of VAPP are clinically indistinguishable from poliomyelitis caused by WPV, but can be distinguished by laboratory analysis.

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2017年7月12日 · Introduction of Inactivated Polio Vaccine (IPV ) in the routine immunization programme of India is a landmark step to provide double protection to children and securing gains of polio eradication. New evidence now clearly shows that IPV and Oral Polio Vaccine (OPV) together will further strengthen the children’s immune system and provide double protection …

The recommendations from the 2014 WHO position paper on the use of polio vaccine, in particular on the addition of at least one dose of IPV for countries using exclusively OPV, remain valid. This position paper reflects the global switch from trivalent to bivalent OPV scheduled to take place in April 2016.

Oral polio vaccine is the most heat sensitive of all vaccines used in the Expamded Programme on Immunization (EPI). Storage and transport have to comply with good cold chain practices. However, cumulative heat exposure can now be monitored with the help of the vaccine vial monitor (VVM),1 which can be found on all OPV supplied by UNICEF since 1997.