IL-31 is a critical cytokine involved in neuroimmune communication, which opens new avenues for cytokine modulation in neuroinflammatory diseases including AD/pruritus, as validated by recent clinical trials using an anti-IL-31 antibody.

IL-31 is a critical cytokine involved in neuroimmune communication, which opens new avenues for cytokine modulation in neuroinflammatory diseases including AD/pruritus, as validated by recent clinical trials using an anti-IL-31 antibody.

Like other IL-6 family cytokines, IL-31 is an anti-parallel four-helix bundle, with an “up-up-down-down” topology in short chains, with an early form composed of 164 amino acids (aa) and a mature form of 141 aa [1]. 1.2. IL-31 Release Mechanism.

IL-31 is a recently identified cytokine with a well-defined role in the pathogenesis of pruritus. IL-31, whose production is induced by IL-4 and IL-33, binds a heterodimeric receptor (R) composed of the exclusive IL-31RA chain and the shared oncostatin M R. Signaling through the IL-31R involves the MAPK, PI3K/AKT and Jak/STAT pathways.

Recently, Interleukin (IL)-31 and its receptor complex attracted significant interest, as clinical phase two studies demonstrated therapeutic efficacy of the neutralizing IL-31 receptor A (IL-31RA) antibody nemolizumab in patients suffering from atopic dermatitis or prurigo nodularis.

IL-31 acts on a broad range of immune- and non-immune cells and therefore possesses potential pleiotropic physiological functions, including regulating hematopoiesis and immune response, causing inflammatory bowel disease, airway hypersensitivity and dermatitis.

IL-31 acts on a broad range of immune- and non-immune cells and therefore possesses potential pleiotropic physiological functions, including regulating hematopoiesis and immune response, causing inflammatory bowel disease, airway hypersensitivity and dermatitis.

2024年12月25日 · IL31, which is made principally by activated Th2-type T cells, interacts with a heterodimeric receptor consisting of IL31RA (MIM 609510) and OSMR (MIM 601743) that is constitutively expressed on epithelial cells and keratinocytes.

2024年12月16日 · Nemolizumab-ilto is a humanized IgG2 monoclonal antibody that selectively binds to the interleukin (IL)-31 receptor A (RA) to inhibit IL-31 signaling. IL-31 is a naturally occurring type 2 cytokine involved in pruritus, inflammation, epidermal dysregulation, and fibrosis.

We find that IL-31 receptor expression is dependent on STAT3 in sensory neurons. In addition, pharmacological experiments suggest that STAT3 activation is important for the itch-inducing signaling downstream of the IL-31 receptor.

IL-31 is a 24 kDa four-helix bundle belonging to the IL-6/gp130 family that binds to the heterodimeric IL-31Rα/oncostatin M receptor-β receptor. You might find these chapters and articles relevant to this topic. Monica G. Lawrence MD, ... Larry Borish MD, in Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology, 2018.

IL-31 signals through a receptor complex consisting of IL-31 receptor α and oncostatin M receptor β. The available data show that IL-31 is strongly linked with chronic pruritic skin disorders, such as atopic eczema, and represents a novel target for directed drug therapy.

2023年10月13日 · In a mouse model of chronic house dust mite–induced dermatitis, Fassett et al. found that IL-31 restrains cutaneous type 2 inflammation by initiating a pathway of neurogenic inflammation.

IL-31 and IL-33 are still considered novel cytokines. IL-31 controls signalling and regulates a huge amount of biological functions: it induces proinflammatory cytokines, regulates cell proliferation, and is involved also in tissue remodelling.

2024年4月29日 · Introduction Interleukin-31 (IL-31) stands at the intersection of immunology and inflammation, playing a crucial role in various inflammatory conditions. In this blog post, we unravel the complexities of IL-31 signaling, its impact on immune responses, and its relevance in inflammatory diseases.

2022年6月10日 · The results showed that IL-31 plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of systemic skin manifestations, prognosis, and itch severity. Traditional therapies target this interleukin indirectly, but monoclonal antibodies (Mab) directed against it have shown efficacy and safety profiles comparable with biological drugs that are already available.

IL-31 is mainly produced by CD4 + helper T cells and transmits the signals via a heterodimeric receptor composed of IL-31 receptor A (IL-31RA) and oncostatin M receptor (OSMR), both of which are expressed in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons.

2022年6月10日 · Interleukin 31 belongs to the IL-6 superfamily, and it is an itch mediator already studied in several diseases, comprising atopic dermatitis, allergic pathologies, and onco-hematological conditions. This research aims to assess the role of this cytokine in the pathogenesis of these conditions and its potential therapeutic role.

2025年2月8日 · Interleukin-31, a Potent Pruritus-Inducing Cytokine and Its Role in Inflammatory Disease and in the Tumor Microenvironment. Upregulation of interleukin (IL)-31, a cytokine producing CXCR1 peripheral immune cells, contributes to the immune abnormalities of autism spectrum disorder. IL-33/IL-31 Axis in Osteoporosis.

2021年11月25日 · IL-31 is mainly produced by CD4+ helper T cells and transmits the signals via a heterodimeric receptor composed of IL-31 receptor A (IL-31RA) and oncostatin M receptor (OSMR), both of which are expressed in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons.