Aortic valve replacement is indicated in symptomatic severe stenosis, i.e. a mean gradient ≥ 40 mmHg, a maximal jet velocity ≥ 4,0 m/s and an effective area (AVA) ≤ 1,0 cm2 (≤ 0,6 cm/m2) [].The AVA is calculated by the continuity equation, using all available acoustic windows to obtain the highest velocities over the stenotic valve [].The use of a single (non-imaging) Doppler probe may ...

It also proposes a simplified clinical flow chart for cardiovascular magnetic resonance assessment of the mitral valve. The prevalence of aortic stenosis is increasing due to the increase in life expectancy, and its prevention remains an unmet need. 6–14 In a State of the Art Review article entitled ‘Calcific aortic stenosis: omics-based ...

Severe AS: Aortic valve area <1 cm2 (or AVA index <0.6 cm2/m2). Aortic Vmax >4 m/s or mean pressure gradient >40 mm. LV ejection fraction is <50%. [stage D1] symptomatic severe high-gradient AS. Severe AS: Aortic valve area <1 cm2 (or AVA index <0.6 cm2/m2) but may be larger with mixed AS and AR. Aortic Vmax >4 m/s or mean pressure gradient >40 mm.

A non-calcified, bicuspid valve reveals thickening and doming of the valve leaflets in systole; A jet of non-opacified blood is visible through stenotic valve. Congenitally bicuspid valves still usually have three aortic sinuses with one large non-coronary sinus equal in size to the other two

Recent randomized clinical trials (RCTs) on the effects of early intervention in patients with asymptomatic severe aortic stenosis (AS) support a reconsideration of current practice patterns. 1-3 The 2020 guidelines on the timing of aortic valve replacement (AVR) include several class 2a recommendations for asymptomatic patients with severe AS (stage C1) in selected situations. 4 These ...