eIF2 is a heterotrimer of a total molar mass of 126 kDa that is composed of the three sub-units: α (sub-unit 1), β (sub-unit 2), and γ (sub-unit 3). The sequences of all three sub-units are highly conserved (pairwise amino acid identities for each sub-unit range from 47 to 72% when comparing the proteins of Homo sapiens and Saccharomyces ...

eIF2 plays a central role in the maintenance of what is generally considered a rate-limiting step in mRNA translation. In this step, eIF2 binds GTP and Met-tRNAi and transfers Met-tRNAi to the 40S ribosomal subunit.

eIF2 is the main protein complex responsible for delivering the initiator tRNA to the P-site of the preinitiation complex, as a ternary complex containing Met-tRNA i Met and GTP (the eIF2-TC). eIF2 has specificity for the methionine-charged initiator tRNA, which is distinct from other methionine-charged tRNAs used for elongation of the ...

2019年5月13日 · To provide insight into the mechanism of translational control we have determined the structures of eIF2 both in phosphorylated and unphosphorylated forms bound with its nucleotide exchange...

Key themes in the review will be the mechanisms regulating eIF2α kinases, the role that upstream open reading frames (uORFs) play in translational control, and the impact that altered P-eIF2α levels by gene mutations or small molecule inhibitors can have on health and disease.

eIF2 brings the Met-tRNA i to the ribosomal translation initiation complex, in the form of the eIF2-GTP•Met-tRNA i ternary complex (TC). Upon start codon recognition, eIF2 hydrolyzes GTP, and eIF2-GDP is released. eIF2B catalyzes nucleotide exchange and Met-tRNA i binding to form a new TC. Phosphorylation of the α-subunit of eIF2 by several ...

It is generally believed that under normal conditions eIF2 participates in the initiation of almost all cytoplasmic mRNAs in eukaryotic cells [3,5,58]. We will briefly describe eIF2 first, so that the differences in structure and function of eIF2A and eIF2 can be better understood.

The translation initiation factor EIF2 catalyzes the first regulated step of protein synthesis initiation, promoting the binding of the initiator tRNA to 40S ribosomal subunits. Binding occurs as a ternary complex of methionyl-tRNA, EIF2, and GTP.

2024年12月24日 · EIF2S1 (Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor 2 Subunit Alpha) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with EIF2S1 include Vaccinia and Epiphyseal Dysplasia, Multiple, With Early-Onset Diabetes Mellitus.

The eIF2 initiation complex integrates a diverse array of stress-related signals to regulate both global and specific mRNA translation. Under permissive conditions, eIF2 binds GTP and Met-tRNAi to form the ternary complex (TC), which then associates with the 40S ribosomal subunit, eIF1, eIF1A, eIF5, and eIF3 to form the 43S pre-initiation ...