In this review, recent advances in understanding these three IL-4-related branch points—alternative splicing of IL-4, differential receptor engagement by IL-4, and differential regulation of macrophage activation by IL-4—are summarized in light of …

Interleukin-4 (IL-4) is a four-α-helical bundle type I cytokine with broad pleiotropic actions on multiple lineages. Major actions of IL-4 were initially discovered for B and T cells, but this cytokine acts on more than a dozen different target ...

IL-4 has been called the "prototypic immunoregulatory cytokine." Like many cytokines, it can affect a variety of target cells in multiple ways. IL-4 has an important role in regulating antibody production, hematopoiesis and inflammation, and the development of effector T-cell responses.

2024年12月25日 · Moreover, IL-4, a type 2 cytokine, mediates and regulates a variety of human host responses such as allergic, anti-parasitic, wound healing, and acute inflammation. This cytokine has been reported to promote resolution of neutrophil-mediated acute lung injury.

IL-4 has been extensively studied in the context of its role in immunity. Accumulating evidence indicates, however, that it also plays a critical role in higher functions of the normal brain, such as memory and learning. In this review we summarize ...

2025年3月20日 · IL-4 signaling is primarily mediated through the Janus kinase (JAK)-signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathway, which drives rapid gene expression changes. Upon IL-4 binding, receptor-associated JAK kinases—JAK1 and JAK3 in type I receptors, JAK1 and TYK2 in type II receptors—undergo trans-phosphorylation. ...

Interleukin-4 (IL-4) is produced by a subset of CD4 T helper cells (T H 2), by natural killer (NK) T cells, by basophils and mast cells, and by eosinophils. IL-4 mediates its function by interacting with two types of receptors (Rs), both of which utilize the IL-4Rα chain.

2025年1月1日 · IL-4 secreted by immune cells reduces the levels of inflammatory factors such as IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, and iNOS in the joint cavity; ameliorates synovial thickening and joint effusion caused by inflammatory stimulation; and delays joint swelling and pain in arthritis patients.

Here we describe our current understanding of the organization of the IL-4 receptor, of the signaling pathways that are induced as a result of receptor occupancy, and of the various mechanisms through which receptor function is modulated.

Interleukin-4 (IL-4) and the closely related cytokine, interleukin-13 (IL-13), share many biological and immunoregulatory functions on B lymphocytes, monocytes, dendritic cells, and fibroblasts. The IL-4 and IL-13 receptors are multimeric and share one common chain called IL-4Rα.