An electoral system (or voting system) is a set of rules that determine how elections and referendums are conducted and how their results are determined. Some electoral systems elect a single winner (single candidate or option), while others elect multiple winners, such as members of parliament or boards of directors.

A voting method is a way to select one or more winners. It’s a combination of three parts: (1) the information that the voter provides on their ballot, (2) how that ballot information is calculated, and (3) the decision and results based on the calculation. If any of these parts is different, then you have a different voting method.

2011年8月3日 · A voting method is a function that assigns to each possible profile a group decision. The group decision may be a single candidate (the winning candidate), a set of candidates (when ties are allowed), or an ordering of the candidates (possibly allowing ties).

To understand how a preference ballot works and how to determine the winner, we will look at an example. Example 7.1.1 7.1. 1: Preference Ballot for the Candy Election. Suppose an election is held to determine which bag of candy will be opened. The choices (candidates) are Hershey’s Miniatures (M), Nestle Crunch (C), and Mars’ Snickers (S).

These rules govern all aspects of the voting process: when elections occur, who is allowed to vote, who can stand as a candidate, how ballots are marked and cast, how the ballots are counted, how votes translate into the election outcome, limits on campaign spending, and other factors that can affect the result.

The voting method is simply the way that we select the winner of an election. And we select that winner by looking at three key pieces of information: What kind of data about the candidate (s) can you provide on your ballot? How is that data analyzed? How many winners are there, and what process is used to determine those winners?

The three most common methods in the United States are plurality voting (called “first past the post” voting); two-round runoffs, and ranked choice voting (also called “preferential voting” or “instant runoff voting”). Other methods have not yet been widely tested or gained traction in …

Methods for conducting elections. Generally speaking, elections can take one of two basic forms: single-winner or multi-winner. In a single-winner election, one candidate alone can be elected to the office in question. In a multi-winner election, by contrast, multiple candidates can be elected to …

There are two broad ways to compare voting systems: Metrics of voter satisfaction, either through simulation or survey. Adherence to logical criteria. Voting methods can be evaluated by measuring their accuracy under random simulated elections aiming to be faithful to the properties of elections in real life.

2024年4月17日 · Elections – analyzing real or hypothetical elections using different methods. Electoral systems – different rules for selecting representatives. Forms of government – representative vs direct democracy, government structure, parliamentary government formation, and even anarchy.