Dissociative identity disorder - Wikipedia
Dissociative identity disorder (DID), previously known as multiple personality disorder (MPD), is one of multiple dissociative disorders in the DSM-5, ICD-11, and Merck Manual. It has a history of extreme controversy. Dissociative identity disorder is characterized by the presence of at least two distinct and relatively enduring personality states. The disorder is accompan… 展开
DefinitionsCritics argue that dissociation, the term that underlies dissociative disorders, lacks a precise, empirical, and g… 展开
Signs and symptomsThe full presentation of dissociative identity disorder can onset at any age, although symptoms typically begin by ages 5–10. DID is generally a childhood-onset disorder. According to the fifth edition [text revision] of the … 展开
CausesThere are two competing theories on what causes dissociative identity disorder to develop. The trauma-related model suggests that complex trauma or severe adversity in childhood, also known as developmental tr… 展开
PathophysiologyDespite research on DID including structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography, single-photon emission computed tomography, event-related potentials, … 展开
DiagnosisThe fifth, revised edition of the American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5-TR) diagnoses DID according to the diagnostic criteria found under code 300.14 (dissociat… 展开
Controversy and criticism of validityDID is among the most controversial of the dissociative disorders and among the most controversial disorders found in the DSM-5-TR. The primary dispute is between those who believe DID is caused by traumatic stresses forcing t… 展开