Liquid crystal (LC) is a state of matter whose properties are between those of conventional liquids and those of solid crystals.For example, a liquid crystal can flow like a liquid, but its molecules may be oriented in a common direction as in a solid. There are many types of LC phases, which can be distinguished by their optical properties (such as textures).

Sir Isaac Newton (/ ˈ nj uː t ən /; 25 December 1642 – 20 March 1726/27 [a]) was an English polymath active as a mathematician, physicist, astronomer, alchemist, theologian, and author. [5] Newton was a key figure in the Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment that followed. [6] His book Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica (Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy ...

The 1970s (pronounced "nineteen-seventies"; commonly shortened to the "Seventies" or the "' 70s") was the decade that began on January 1, 1970, and ended on December 31, 1979.. In the 21st century, historians have increasingly portrayed the 1970s as a "pivot of change" in world history, focusing especially on the economic upheavals [1] that followed the end of the postwar economic boom. [2]