Patients with NT-proBNP levels above 500 pg/ml were four times more likely to have ventricular dysfunction than those with lower levels, but a result of this range had a positive predictive value ...

This has previously been speculated, as elevated concentrations of BNP or N-terminal pro brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) in cardiovascular patients were found to be related to immune reactions ...

but in the presence of heart failure the NT-proBNP is approximately four times higher than the corresponding BNP level, thus reducing the likelihood of a result in the ambiguous range; for example ...