which the Japanese call tamahagane ("jewel steel"). Over three days and three nights, smelters using ancient techniques shovel roughly 25 tons of iron-bearing river sand and charcoal into the ...

The smelter passed through several sets of owners ... having provided loans to help his purchase of two threatened steel plants, at Dalzell and Clydebridge. In 2016, he emerged as the victor ...

Fiery smelters and multiple coal-fired power plants burn nonstop to refine nickel ore into material for batteries and steel. Indonesia aims to dominate the world’s nickel supply, and it’s ...