Rust fungus, despite a name that would make homeowners ... blister-like formations that range from rusty orange spots to tawny, brown, or even black in their mature form. Other signs might be ...

Moreover, since my first letter was written, proof has been obtained that the pycnia (spermogonia) of the Rust Fungi are not, as many botanists have supposed, male conceptacles producing non ...

The first observable symptoms are yellow-orange rust spots, appearing on the upper ... with the infection eventually progressing up the tree. The fungus may also infect young stems and berries.