Background: A standard of care for the treatment of small renal masses is partial nephrectomy. The open and laparoscopic approaches have been well described in the literature. Robotic assistance ...

The keywords used were "robotic radical nephrectomy", "robot-assisted laparoscopic nephrectomy", "radical nephrectomy". Two individuals independently screened the titles and abstracts of each ...

A laparoscopic nephrectomy may be robot-assisted, with the surgeon guiding ... You will need dialysis to do the job of the ...