Because of their inherent flexibility, point-scanning confocal systems have become workhorse instruments in labs worldwide. This flexibility comes from the use of galvo mirrors for laser excitation.

Rather than moving the device under attack, the [Fraktal] rig uses a modified laser galvanometer to scan an IR laser over the device. The galvo and the optical components are all easily available ...

The pump laser, with a 203.7 Hz amplitude modulation (AM), illuminates the microtoroid through a galvo mirror scan system.