When disturbed the entire flock suddenly flies up to a tree, usually perching in the open ... The “white-winged” junco is the most local, breeding exclusively in the Black Hills region and ...

where the dark-eyed junco can also be found. At that season it is frequently mistaken for the chipping sparrow, but the 2 rarely overlap in winter. The American tree sparrow often occurs in flocks ...

not the junco. Instead, it hops, often in small groups of other juncos. After a snowfall, look for their tiny tracks in side-by-side pairs around the base of trees, shrubs and birdfeeders.