The U.S.-born children of unlawfully imported former slaves received citizenship in 1868.

Many mid-19th century French immigrants were political refugees who left France following the 1848 revolutions that swept through Europe. Scottish immigrants founded the Illinois Saint Andrew ...

As the 19th century progressed, the rate of immigration from outside Wales increased. Most of the new arrivals came from England; if they did learn the native language, it was for practical ...

From the late 19th century, Scotland saw an increase in Italian immigrants. Many Italians experienced poverty and famine in their home country at this time. Many Italian men fled to Scotland to ...

Since the 19th century, Caribbean immigrants have played a significant role in Black American society, shaping its culture, leadership, and institutions, according to Tyesha Maddox. “Holding positions ...