The Eyjafjallajokull volcano began erupting in March. On 14 April, the eruption entered a new explosive phase which was to bring European airspace to a standstill. The eruption threw thousands of ...

Volcanoes are formed when magma (liquid rock) trapped underneath the Earth’s crust rises to the surface and escapes through cracks. The space for the magma to leave is very small and ...

Lahars can contain rocks, trees and even houses. They form as rainfall, snow, or melting ice and wash ash deposits off the slopes of volcanoes and into surrounding valleys at high speeds.

Igneous rocks form when magma cools underground or erupts at the surface as lava. The magma rises into the Earth’s crust, where it can get trapped underground or erupt from volcanoes as molten lava.

An curved arrow pointing right. A 42-square-mile crater called a caldera formed atop Iceland's Bardarbunga volcano during the 2014-15 eruption. Scientists recorded the event and now think they ...

Underlying the rims and flanks of the mud volcanoes, they deciphered a series of normal faults — formed when one part of the ground sank relative to another — with displacements of tens of metres.

Eruption in pictures How many people do volcanoes kill? Ring of Fire's volcanic and quake activity is normal Stratovolcanoes are usually formed over a period of tens to hundreds of thousands of ...