The anterior ethmoidal artery (AEA) is a critical vessel in the anatomy of the nasal and sinus regions, particularly during surgical procedures involving the anterior ethmoidal sinus, frontal ...

but congenital absence or hypoplasia of one or more sinus cavities is not uncommon. The maxillary and ethmoidal sinuses form during the third and fourth month of gestation and are present at birth.

However, plain film radiographs provide poor visualization of the ethmoid sinus due to density averaging. Plain films are therefore useful for diagnosing frontal and maxillary sinus disease but ...

Endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) is a minimally invasive procedure used to treat chronic sinus conditions and other disorders affecting the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. A critical aspect of ...