21 from the volcano in the Andean mountain range, just 45 kilometers southeast of Quito, so a full eruption is expected anytime soon. The Cotopaxi is one of the most active volcanoes in Ecuador.

Learn more about these signs of summertime cold, perhaps tied to volcanic activity in 1877 and 1902.

Scientists studying tree rings in northern Norway have linked ‘blue’ rings, caused by cold summers, to volcanic eruptions ...

These rings are not just a visual anomaly but serve as natural archives of past cold summers. Researchers studying samples ...

Strange blue rings found in Scandinavian trees leave scientists perplexed - Rings hint at unusually cold summers in Norway ...

Volcanic eruptions and cold summers leave lasting marks in the wood of northern trees, unlocking the secrets of past climate extremes.

Similarly, the late June eruption of Cotopaxi aligns with 1877's cold August—but there is no other reported evidence for related cooling in northern Norway after this eruption. This blue ring ...

In Norway, scientists have found blue rings in trees that hint at how volcanic eruptions disrupted growth throughout history.

Geodetic techniques have been considered a seminal part of volcano monitoring and eruption forecasting for decades. Ground deformation and gravity are used to determine mass change below active ...