However, tensile stresses and subsequent cracking occurs when concrete shrinkage is restrained by ... by isolating slabs from footings, walls, columns and other elements such as drains, manholes ...

We have all heard the saying “concrete can be counted on to do two things — get hard and crack ... designing concrete mixtures with reduced shrinkage are also included.

Some types of damage include mechanical and chemical sources, including oxide jacking and bulk fractures that chip away the material or causes cracks ... shrinkage of regular and experimental ...

Concrete, a ubiquitous material ... A fiber content of 1–2% reduced shrinkage by 15–30%, demonstrating its effectiveness in mitigating cracking. These advancements are promising for various ...