These four fundamental forces exist between fermions (quarks and leptons). They arise from the exchange of bosons. Bosons are the 'force carrying' or 'force-mediating' particles. If a fermion ...

The ATLAS collaboration at the Large Hadron Collider observed the rare production of a Z boson alongside two other vector bosons (VVZ) with a statistical significance of 6.4 standard deviations.

For example, all fundamental particles (that we know of) can be naturally divided into two categories: fermions and bosons. Fermions contain all the particles of matter (i.e. quarks and leptons ...

The ATLAS team observed "VVZ" production with a statistical significance of 6.4 standard deviations, surpassing the five standard deviation threshold needed to claim observation. This process has ...