These changes separate the reptiles from the amphibians. #1, the evolution of stronger, more effective jaw mechanisms, is the subject of this lecture and one topic in last week’s lab. The other ...

1. Lizard has space on side of skull, reflecting loss of second temporal fossa. Has one fossa, one arch 2. Bird has one large cavern, with all bars between orbit and temporal fossae lost. i. Decrease ...

To study the fossil skull, the scientists first ... respect to the braincase and lower jaw, a functional innovation widely distributed among living birds that contributes to their enormous ...

The specimen, from northern Myanmar, consists of a bird-like skull trapped in 99-million-year ... The dinosaur's jaw had a surprisingly large number of teeth. This would appear to suggest that ...