(In contrast, polypeptides of viral origin are synthesized within cells, and are presented on MHC class I molecules.) In most antigen-presenting cells, exogenous antigens are generally first taken ...

We use artificial antigen-presenting cells (aAPC), composed of a liposome, in which MHC class II–peptide molecules are incorporated. The composition of these aAPC allows free movement of the MHC ...

Food allergies can be life-threatening due to the rapid and exaggerated immune response. While mucosal mast cells (MMCs) are excessively proliferated during food allergies, the precise mechanisms that ...

Dendritic cells are specialized antigen-presenting cells that can prime naive T cells and modulate adaptive immune responses. Their powerful biological functions indicate that these cells can be ...

Food allergy, or the aggressive immune system reaction following the consumption of a certain food or food ingredient, typically involves immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies and can be potentially ...

In the infected cell, Nef downregulates the expression of MHC-I and MHC-II on the cell surface, impairing the presentation of viral antigens. 7) Nef also disrupts the proper formation of immunological ...

Allorecognition via the indirect pathway requires that recipient APCs process the donor-MHC antigen before presenting it to recipient T cells. Both pathways are important in mechanisms of ...

Stationed within the meninges, squads of immune cells lie in wait, ready to unleash an inflammatory assault within the brain if needed. Holding these trigger-happy troops back during peacetime falls ...

Cellular control mechanisms cause diseased cells to present antigens on ... are preferentially loaded onto MHC I, further processed for immune surveillance (antigen processing) and presented ...